You can switch Python versions with pyenv using three main commands: global, local, and shell. The method you choose depends on the scope you want for the new Python version.

Cloning a list in Python is essential to avoid unintended side effects, as simply assigning one list to another with the equals sign (=) creates a reference, not a new copy [1]. This means both variables point to the same list object in memory, and modifying one will modify the other. To properly clone a list, you need to understand the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy.

Choosing the right Python environment and package management tool in 2025 depends on your project's complexity and your team's workflow. The tools available can be categorized into two main groups: those that manage Python versions (pyenv, asdf) and those that manage project dependencies (venv, virtualenv, Poetry). Combining these tools is often the most effective approach.

Homebrew is the recommended and easiest way to install pyenv on macOS, but you can install it without Homebrew by cloning the repository from GitHub. This method requires a few extra steps, including manually configuring your shell and installing dependencies.

Vercel doesn't have a single, built-in migration system but instead relies on standard, database-specific tools. For relational databases like Vercel Postgres, you use traditional ORMs or migration libraries. For key-value stores like Vercel KV, migration is typically a manual process of data transformation.

Vercel Database Integration Overview and Recommendations​

Vercel provides a streamlined way to integrate databases into your projects, focusing on a serverless and edge-centric approach. Instead of a single database, Vercel offers a suite of storage solutions, each optimized for different use cases. The integration process is designed to be seamless, with first-class support for a range of serverless databases [1].

Is SQLite Supported on Vercel? 💾​

No, SQLite is not officially supported by Vercel for production applications because of its reliance on the local filesystem. Vercel's serverless functions are stateless and run in a read-only environment, meaning any changes to the local filesystem are discarded after the function's execution. This makes it impossible to persist the SQLite database file between function invocations. Vercel source

While you might be able to get a read-only SQLite database to work by including the database file in your deployment bundle, any attempt to write to it will fail. This limitation makes SQLite unsuitable for most dynamic web applications on the Vercel platform.

Vercel Database Options: A Comprehensive Guide 🗃️​

Vercel provides a suite of data storage solutions designed to complement its serverless and edge-first architecture. Instead of a single "Vercel Database," you get a selection of tools, each optimized for a specific use case. This allows you to choose the right database for the job, whether it's a simple key-value store or a full relational database.

Custom Postgres Roles and RLS in Supabase​

Yes, you can define your own custom PostgreSQL roles and use them with RLS in Supabase. This is a powerful feature for implementing sophisticated Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) [1, 2].

The key is to understand that Supabase's built-in auth.uid() function and authenticated role are tied to the user's session. To use custom roles, you need to store this role information and make it accessible to your RLS policies.

There is minimal vendor lock-in with Supabase. The platform is designed to be as open as possible, leveraging established, open-source technologies. This makes it relatively easy to migrate away from their managed service if needed.